Paksitan Army

UN peacekeeping missions[edit]

Bell 412 is imported by Pakistan from the U.S.

Main article: United Nations peacekeeping missions involving Pakistan

In the wake of the new world power equilibrium, a more complex security environment has emerged. It is characterized by growing national power politics and state implosions which have necessitated involvement of the United Nations peace keeping forces for conflict resolution.

The United Nations has been undertaking peace keeping operations since its inception, but the need for employment of peace keeping forces has increased significantly since the Gulf War. In 1992, there were 11,000 Blue Berets deployed around the world, by the end of the year the figure rose to 52,000. Presently, it exceeds 80,000 troops. Pakistan has given the largest number of troops for the UN peacekeeping mission which gives Pakistan an eminent position among rest of the nations. Pakistan has always been very active and serious to make its efforts for peace-making process not only in its own region but the whole world despite of many challenges and terrorism activities it has faced.

UN Operation in Congo (ONUC) 1960–1964 UN Security Force in New Guinea, West Irian (UNSF) 1962–1963 UN Yemen Observer Mission Yemen (UNYOM) 1963–1964 UN Transition Assistance Group in Namibia (UNTAG) 1989–1990 UN Iraq–Kuwait Observer Mission (UNIKOM) 1991–2003 UN Mission in Haiti (UNMIH) 1993–1996 UN Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) 1992–1993 UN Operations in Somalia (UNOSOM) 1992–1995

UN Protection Forces in Bosnia (UNPROFOR) 1992–1995 UN Observer Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR) 1993–1996 UN Verification Mission in Angola (UNAVEM III) 1995–1997 UN Transitional Administration for Eastern Slavonia (UNTAES) 1996–1997 UN Mission of Observers in Prevlaka (UNMOP) 1996–2002 UN Assistance Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) 2001–2005 UN Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) 1999-to-date UN Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) 1999-to-date

The table below shows the current deployment of Pakistani forces in UN Peacekeeping missions.

Start of operation	Name of Operation	Location	Conflict	Contribution
1999	United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO)		Democratic Republic of Congo	Second Congo War	3,556 Troops.[45]
2003	United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL)		Liberia	Second Liberian Civil War	2,741 Troops.[45]
2004	United Nations Operation in Burundi ONUB		Burundi	Burundi Civil War	1,185 Troops.[45]
2004	United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire (UNOCI)		Côte d'Ivoire	Civil war in Côte d'Ivoire	1,145 Troops.[45]
2005	United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS)		Sudan	Second Sudanese Civil War	1,542 Troops.[45]
	Staff/Observers				191 Observers.[45]

• The total number of Pakistani troops serving in peacekeeping missions is 7,533, as of August 2015, which is one of the biggest number among rest of participants.^[46]

Organization[edit]

Pakistan Army

Leadership Chief of Army Staff Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee Organisation and Components Structure of the Pakistan Army Frontier Corps Frontier Works Organisation Special Service Group Army Cantonment Board Pakistan Armoured Corps Installations General Headquarters Pakistan Military Academy Command and Staff College National Defence University Personnel Army Ranks of Pakistan Pakistan Army Generals Equipment Equipment History and Traditions Military history of Pakistan UN Peacekeeping Missions Pakistan Army FC Awards, Decorations and Badges Awards and Decorations Nishan-e-Haider

Main articles: Structure of the Pakistan Army and List of serving generals of the Pakistan Army

Command structure[edit]

The President of Pakistan is the civilian supreme commander of the Pakistan Armed Forces by statute. The Chief of the Army Staff (COAS), a four-star general, is the highest general officer (unless the four-star general is Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee), a field and operational commander as well as a highest Army four-star general officer, directs the non-combat and combatant operations from army combatant headquarters in Rawalpindi. The Principal Staff Officers (PSO) assisting him in his duties at the Lieutenant-General level include a Chief of General Staff (CGS), under whom the Military Operations and Intelligence Directorates function; the Chief of Logistics Staff (CLS); the Adjutant General (AG); the Quarter-Master General (QMG); the Inspector General of Training and Evaluation (IGT and E); the Military Secretary (MS); and the Engineer-in-Chief, a top Army topographer. A major reorganization in GHQ was done in September 2008 under General Ashfaq Parvez Kayani, when two new PSO positions were introduced: the Inspector General Arms and the Inspector General Communications and IT, thus raising the number of PSO's to eight.^[47]

The headquarters function also includes the Judge Advocate General (JAG), and the Comptroller of Civilian Personnel, the Engineer-in-Chief of the Corps of Engineers who is also head of Military Engineering Service (MES), all of them also report to the Chief of the Army Staff.

Commissioned officers rank[edit]

Main article: Army ranks of Pakistan

The rank structure is patterned on the British Army model. It consists of commissioned officers, non-commissioned officers and the Junior Commissioned Officers.

Commissioned Officers Ranks of the Pakistan Army
Pay grade	O-10/BPS-Apex	O-9/BPS-Apex	O-8/BPS-22	O-7/BPS-21	O-6/BPS-20	O-5/BPS-19	O-4/BPS-19	O-4/BPS-18	O-3/BPS-17	O-1/BPS-17	O-1/BPS-17
Insignia
Title	Field Marshal	General	Lieutenant-General	Major-General	Brigadier	Colonel	Lieutenant-Colonel	Major	Captain	Lieutenant	Second Lieutenant
Abbreviation	FM	Gen	Lt.Gen	MGen	Brig	Col	Lt.Col	Maj	Capt	Lt	SLt
NATO Code	OF-10	OF-9	OF-8	OF-7	OF-6	OF-5	OF-4	OF-3	OF-2	OF-1	OF-1
Rank Hierarchy	5-star general	4-star General	3-star General	2-star General	1-star Officer

Non-commissioned officers wear respective regimental colour chevrons on the right sleeve. Centre point of the uppermost chevron must remain 10 cm from the point of the shoulder. Company / battalion appointments wear the appointments badges on the right wrist.

Structure of Non-Commissioned Officers Ranks of the Pakistan Army
Pay grade	OR-9	OR-8	OR-7	OR-6	OR-5	OR-4	OR-3	OR-2	OR-1
Insignia								No insignia	No insignia
Title	Battalion Havildar Major	Battalion Quartermaster Havildar	Company Havildar Major	Company Quartermaster Havildar	Havildar	Naik	Lance Naik	Sepoy	No Equivalent
Abbreviation	BHM	BQMH	CHM	CQMH	Hav	NK	L/Nk	Sep	NE
NATO Code	OR-9	OR-8	OR-7	OR-6	OR-5	OR-4	OR-3	OR-2	OR-1

Junior Commissioned Officer Ranks
Insignia
Title	Subedar Major (infantry and other arms)/Risaldar Major (cavalry and armour)	Subedar (infantry and other arms)/Risaldar (cavalry and armour)	Naib Subedar (infantry and other arms)/Naib Risaldar (cavalry and armour)

Subdivision by profession[edit]

The Pakistan Army is divided into two main branches, which are Arms and Services.

Arms Armoured Infantry Artillery Air Defence Engineers Signals Aviation Airborne Chemical[citation needed]

Services Army Services Corps(ASC) Military Police Military Intelligence Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (EME) Medical Ordnance Dental Remount Veterinary and Farms Information and Communication Technology Army Education Corps (AEC) Clerical JAG Branch

Operational commands[edit]

The Pakistan Army operates three commands during peace time. Each command is headed by General Officer Commanding-in-Chief with the rank of Lieutenant General. Each command is directly affiliated to the Army HQ in Rawalpindi.

According to Globalsecurity.org, drawing on Pakistani media sources, three commands, supervising a number of corps each, have been formed: Northern Command, Central Command, and Southern Command.^[48][49]